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(No Model.) sweets-sheet 1 J. BUCKLBY.

STEAM BOILER.

No. 535,441. Patented M n45 mums venue on. PHOTOLTHO" WASHINGTON n c Nb Model.)

3 SheetS -SHet 2. I J; BUGKLEY.

STEAM BOILER.

Patented Mar; 12, 1895.

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J;BUOKLEY. STEAM BOILER.

7 o. 535,441 Patented mm, 1895.

* a lunar j A if NITED STATES PATENT OFFIC JOHN BUOKLEY, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR'TO THE ROCHESTER MACHINE TOOL WORKS,-OF SAME PLACE.

STEAM-BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 535,441, dated March 12,1895. Application filed Pebruarylfi, 1893. Serial No. 462,462. (No model.)

tubes or pipes with their elbows andconnections, and suitable fasteners for the parts;

I and one of the important features in its construction is that all of the numerous screwthreads employed in joining the various parts are right-hand, on account of which the boiler is much simplified in construction and the putting together or taking apart of the same is rendered easy and convenient. Furthermore, as constructed with right hand threads only, and simple sections and parts,

any part of the boiler may be removed and.

examined or replaced by a new part in most cases without interfering with other parts of the boiler; in other cases or with disturbing but few of those parts.

The boiler is mainly made up of similar, hori zontal sections each being simplya straight piece of pipe with end connections.

The invention is hereinafter more fully described andparticularly pointed out.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a.

front elevation of the boiler, a part being broken away. Fig. 2 is a plan. Fig. 3 shows some of the parts below the dotted line 3 3 in Fig.1. Fig. 4: shows the under side of a water sill. Fig. 5 shows the upper side of a water sill. Fig. 6 is a cross-section of awater sill, taken as on the dotted line 6 in Fig. 2 and viewed as indicated by the arrow pointed thereon. Fig. 7 shows the adjacent ends of two sectionswith a packing gasket between them. Fig. 8 is a side elevation of the boiler seen as indicated by arrow 8 in Fig. 1, parts being broken away and one of the vertical columns and a portion of a water sill being vertically and centrally sectioned. Fig. 9 is a rear view-of some of the lower rear parts of the structure seen as indicated by arrow 9 in Fig. 8, a part being vertically sectioned. Fi 10 is a plan of the furnace floor and back.

Figs. 11 and 12 show two views of a section. Fig. 13 is a plan of the boiler showing some simple changes in its construction. Fig. 14.

is a rear elevation seen as indicated by arrow t in Fig. 13.. Fig. 15 is a side elevation of the rear part of the boiler seen as indicated by arrow in Fig. 14, parts being broken away. Fig. 16 shows pipes over the furnace inclined in vertical planes. drawn to scales larger than those of the remaining figures.

Referring to thepartsshown, A, Figs. 11 and-12, is a section of the boiler, a number of which put together in order and held by suitable fasteners constitute the main part of the boiler. This section consists of a straight piece of pipe, at, provided with heads b b, at its ends, joined to the pipe by right-hand screw-threads. These heads are cylindrical, 7 with their axes parallel and. in the plane of the axis of the pipe, and either at right angles with said axis or inclined thereto.

In constructing the boiler the sections are placed one upon another so that the heads shall form vertical hollow columns, f, at the sides of the boiler, as shown in Fig. 8.

The boiler has its sides vertical and issubstantially cubical or. prismatic in form, some of the sections being omitted to form a fire burned. As shown in Figs. 1 and 8 fifteen of these sections are omitted, near the bottom and at the front of the boiler, to form a fire space. Short pieces of pipe or thimbles c, are 8 5 inserted in the columns to fill the places of the section heads omitted, as shown in Fig. 8.

In the construction shown in Figs. 2 and 8 the columns rest at their bases upon horizontal water sills B, rectangular in cross section, one at either side of the boiler, with the interiors of which sills the columns have water communication. When put together as shown in these figures the sections are in horizontal layers, the lowerlayer constituting 5 the floor of the furnace, as shown in Fig. 10. There may be any number of these layers of sections overthe furnace that may be thought desirable, and in building up the boiler I prefer to form some of the layers by placing too the pipes at right-angles with the'sides of the boiler, and others with the pipes inclined in Figs. 6, 7, 11 and 12 are 60 I horizontal planes, as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. In the layers formed of'inclined sections the latter are inclined in opposite directions, as shown, these layers being alternated with layers in which the sections run straight across. This is for the purpose of causing the sections of each layer to cross the spaces nace being composed of the vertical thimbles c. p In the upper horizontal layer the sections are placed straight across the boiler and'. are cutaway at their middle parts in which space is inserted a main horizontal steam drum, 0, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The inner ends of the short pipes, a, of this layer are screwthreaded into opposite sides of the drum in horizontal lines, the axes of said pipes 01 and the axis of the drum being in a horizontal plane. When no other drum is employed over this main drum the steam is taken out at the middle of the drum through a pipe d. Below the main drum 0 I employ other smaller or minor drums, D D, as shown in the figures. These drums are parallel with the main drum and are usually placed in line with the layer of sections next to the upper one. These minor drums are preferably placed on each side of, and nearly in contact with the main drum so as to. tend to throw the ascending heat currents toward the sides of the boiler. There is no direct connection between these minor drums, each being held by short horizontal pieces of pipe e, the heads of which form integral parts of the columnsf. A drip pipeg connects thelower side of the main drum with the water sills when the boiler is constructed as shown in Figs. 2 and 8. This drip pipe consists of vertical and horizontal parts, clearly shown in Figs. 8 and 9, and connects with both sills. By this means communication is opened between the main steam drum and the parts at the base of the boiler so that any water that might tend to accumulate in the drum will be directly conveyed to the base.

At the front corners of the boiler I' place vertical water posts, h h. These posts, as the boiler is sometimes constructed, are connected at their upper ends with the respective upper heads I) b of the forward columnsf, and at their lower ends with the respective water sills, as shown in Fig. 8. Upon these posts I place the usual gage cocks and the water glass; and,besides,theyconstituteadditional direct downward passages for Water that might be temporarily carried above the general water level or water line (1' r, Fig. 8) by upward flowing currents of steam.

The sections and parts forming the columnsfare held rigidly together and to the respective water sills by vertical boltsi which pass down through the axes of said columns and enter the sills. This is clearly shown .in Fig. 8. Similar bolts also pass downward through the water posts it and are threaded into heads 3, at the feet of the posts. The lower ends of these bolts may be threaded directly into the lower walls of the sills butI prefer to have them pass wholly through the sills and enter cap-nuts, 70, Figs. 1, 4, 6 and 8, bearing upward against the under surfaces of the sills. I usually form the under surfaces of the sills with parallel ribs, n n, b etween which the nuts k are placed. These prevent the nuts from turning with the bolts. Thin copper gaskets, Z, Fig. 7, are placed between the heads of the sections and in the joints between other parts where a leak might otherwise occur. The heads of the minor-drums D D are also preferablyheld to place by longitudinal bolts, m m, Figs. 1 and 2.

When the boiler is used as a marine boiler I prefer to mountasmall steam drum,E,over and parallel with the main drum 0, as shown in Figs. 13, 14 and 15; and in most cases I prefer to directly connect the ends of the mt nor drums D D withthe base of the boiler at the front by means of the posts h h, as shown in Fig. 13, and at the rear by inclined pipes, g g, Figs. 13, 14 and 15. In this construction I usually join the drip pipe gat the rear end of the main drum, with the rear section level with the furnace floor, as shown in Figs. let and 15. The sections over the furnace are not always inclined in horizontal planes as shownin Fig. 2. Where the boiler is used as a stationary boiler, more particularly, I prefer to incline them in vertical planes as shown in Fig. 16. This admits of a more rapid refilling of the pipes with water due to circulation when certain'portions of the water are driven out of these pipes by the action of steam generated within them, than if they occupied horizontal planes. When the boiler is used as a marine boiler the rocking of the boat tends to keep these pipes refilled when they are put in horizontally, that is to say, at right-angles with the sides of the boiler. When I employ these vertically-inclined sections I alternate them in vertical planes, as shown in the figure. Also in constructing some of these boilers, particularly those that are built high over the furnace and have long vertical columnsf, I dispense with the rigid, prismatic water sills B, shown in Fig. 8, and substitute in their places tubular, offset sills, F, Figs. .13, let and 15, connecting them with the bases of the columnsf with nipples, 1). These sills may be placed to project beyond the VOI'tiGfiiSidGS of the boiler, as shown in Figs. 13 and 15,- or they may be turned horizontally under the furnace, as shown in Fig. 14. This constructiongives greater flexibility to the sides of the boiler and admits without injury to the boiler ofan unequal expansion or contraction of the columns f on account of their being subjected simultaneously to different degrees of heat. These offset water sills are headed up in any convenient manner, preferably similar to the way in which the minor drums D are closed at their ends.

In constructing these boilers for marine purposes I usually do not vary the different sizes very much as to the dimension of width. To make boilers of greater power I build them higher over the furnace by adding additional layers of sections and by making the boiler deeper from front to rear.

When constructing any particular boiler I employone or the other of the different styles of water sills shown and also choose as to the different manners of incliningthe sections, and of connecting the steam drums with the base of the boiler, &c., according to the use to whichthe boiler is to be put and the re quirements of the case.

. The feed wateris introducedinto theboiler through one of the water sills in the usual manner; and a blow-ofi cock is usually inserted into each sill so as to clear both of sediment and mud.

In the larger boilers I use ordinary grates upon the pipes forming the furnace floor, but in the smaller boilers Isometimes fire directly upon the fioor sectionspalso, in the larger boilers, I employ simple cast gratings at the sides and back of the fire box or furnace.

-W'hen the upper drum E is employed I take steam out of its upper side in the usual manner and also attach to this drum the usual safety valve.

It has before been stated that the parts of this boiler arejoined by screw threads in all of which thespirals or screw-threads advance or lead relatively inthe samedirection when turned from left to right or from right to left; that is to say, the threads are all, for instance, right-hand threads; or, it may be, lefthand threads. This much simplifies and cheapens the construction of the boiler and renders it much easier and more quickly put together or taken apart. To enable the parts together.

D D, shown in Fig. 13, I employ rings, 1!, between the central portions of the drums and the head-connections a. This, when the rings are removed, admits of said head connections being turned upon the respective pipes g g and 'u 'u, whilethe drums are in place. Finally these head-connections are brought in line with the drums and the rings, with the packing gaskets, are then put in place, and all bolted together by the longitudinal bolts n.

When the upper steam drum E is employed it is usually connected with the main drum by three nipples, 0, one at the middle and one near either end, as shown.

What I claim as my invention is- 1. A steam boiler composed of a water sill upon each side, the under side of each of which sills is provided with parallel ribs, columns of cylindrical heads connected with the sills, having their axes parallel, pipe sections connecting the heads upon opposite sides, drums connected with the sections and the sills, and a bolt through each column of heads, the nut of which fits between the ribs of the sills, substantially as set forth.

2. A steam boiler, composed of water sills, vertical columns thereon, series of pipe sections connecting the columns upon opposite sides of the boiler, a main steam drum connected with the central portion of the upper series of pipe sections,- two minor drums at the sides of and nearly in' contact with the main drum, each of said minor drums being connected with the columns at its respective side, a pipe extendingfron1 each water sill to one of the minor drums, the upper end of which is provided with a head connection, and a ring between the end of the drum and the head connection of its respective pipe section, whereby the head connection maybe tufrned upon the pipe'while the drum isin position, substantially as set forth.

In witnesswhereof I have hereunto set my hand, this 36. day of February, 1893, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN BUOKLEY.

Witnesses:

' ENos B. WHITMORE,

M. L. WINSTON. 

